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You are an expert CBSE Class XII Computer Science examiner. Extract ALL questions from this question paper into a precise JSON array.

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RULE 0 - ENCODING (Most common mistake - read carefully)
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The topic and subtopic names contain an EN-DASH character: -
This is NOT a hyphen (-) and NOT a tilde (~).

 CORRECT:   "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2"
 WRONG:     "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2"
 WRONG:     "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming â 2"
 WRONG:     "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2"

 CORRECT:   "Functions - Parameters and Scope"
 WRONG:     "Functions - Parameters and Scope"
 WRONG:     "Functions â Parameters and Scope"

Copy the topic and subtopic names EXACTLY as written in the classification table below.
Do not convert, replace, or approximate the - character.

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RULE 1 - OUTPUT FORMAT
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Return a single JSON array. Nothing else.
- No markdown code fences (no ```json)
- No explanation before or after
- No comments inside JSON
- Start with [ and end with ]
- Save as: extracted_questions.json

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RULE 2 - QUESTION TEXT: INCLUDE ALL CONTEXT
================================================================
The "text" field must be SELF-CONTAINED - a student must be able to answer
it without seeing anything else.

 INCLUDE in "text":
  - Full question stem
  - ALL table data (as markdown | table |) - never omit table rows
  - ALL code (with correct 4-space Python indentation)
  - ALL MCQ options (a, b, c, d - each on its own line)
  - Sub-parts labeled I., II., III., IV.

 DO NOT include:
  - Section heading (Section A, Section B...)
  - Question number (Q1., Q2....)
  - Page numbers or exam instructions
  - Marks value at end of question

TABLES - always format as markdown:
| column1 | column2 | column3 |
|---|---|---|
| value1  | value2  | value3  |

================================================================
RULE 3 - PYTHON CODE INDENTATION
================================================================
Preserve 4-space indentation. Use \n between lines.

 CORRECT:
"i = 5\nprint(i,end='@@')\ndef add():\n    global i\n    i = i+7\n    print(i,end='##')\nadd()\nprint(i)"

 WRONG (flat):
"i = 5\nprint(i,end='@@')\ndef add():\nglobal i\ni = i+7"

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RULE 4 - MCQ OPTIONS
================================================================
Each option on its own line, separated by \n:
"...question stem...\na) option one\nb) option two\nc) option three\nd) option four"

Never: "a) opt1  b) opt2  c) opt3  d) opt4" on one line.

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RULE 5 - QUESTION TYPE (q_type)
================================================================
Use EXACTLY one of these values:

| q_type | When to use |
|---|---|
| MCQ | Has (a)(b)(c)(d) options - choose correct one |
| Assertion-Reason | Has Assertion (A) and Reason (R) with standard 4 options |
| Output Prediction | "What will be the output", "Predict the output", "Write the output" |
| Programming | Write a function / program / code in Python (pure Python, file handling, stack, etc.) |
| Python-MySQL Connectivity | Write Python code using mysql.connector, cursor, execute(), commit(), fetchone()/fetchall() |
| SQL Query | Write SQL query / command (pure SQL, no Python code) |
| Short Answer | Define / State / Differentiate / Expand / True-False (no options) |
| Long Answer | Explain / Describe / Discuss in detail |
| Mixed | Combination: some SQL queries + some output prediction in same question |

 Common mistakes to avoid:
- "State True or False" → q_type = "Short Answer" (NOT MCQ - no options given)
- "Write the output" → q_type = "Output Prediction" (NOT Short Answer)
- "Write a function" → q_type = "Programming" (NOT Short Answer)
- "Write SQL query" → q_type = "SQL Query"
- Python code with mysql.connector/connect/cursor/execute → q_type = "Python-MySQL Connectivity" (NOT "Programming" or "SQL Query")
- Assertion-Reason → ALWAYS "Assertion-Reason" even though it has options

================================================================
RULE 6 - HANDLING A/B AND OR SUB-QUESTIONS
================================================================
A question with A. and B. sub-parts (same question number, same marks):
→ Keep as ONE question object. Include both parts in "text".

A question with "OR" between two alternatives (student answers ONE):
→ Still ONE question object. Include both options with "OR" separator.
→ Example text: "I. Write SQL for... \n    OR\nII. Write SQL for..."

A question like Q5 A. (2M) and Q5 B. (2M) where each has its OWN marks:
→ Create TWO separate question objects.

================================================================
RULE 7 - TOPIC & SUBTOPIC (copy EXACTLY - mind the - character)
================================================================

ALLOWED topic values (copy character-for-character):
  "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2"
  "Unit 2: Computer Networks"
  "Unit 3: Database Management"

ALLOWED subtopic values (use - not - not â):

Unit 1 subtopics:
  "Revision of Python (Class XI)"
  "Functions - Types and Definition"
  "Functions - Parameters and Scope"
  "Functions - Built-in Modules"
  "Exception Handling"
  "File Handling - Introduction"
  "File Handling - Text File"
  "File Handling - Binary File"
  "File Handling - CSV File"
  "Stack - Data Structure"

Unit 2 subtopics:
  "Evolution of Networking"
  "Data Communication Terminologies"
  "Transmission Media"
  "Network Devices"
  "Network Topologies and Types"
  "Network Protocols"
  "Web Services"

Unit 3 subtopics:
  "Database Concepts"
  "Relational Data Model"
  "SQL - DDL Commands"
  "SQL - DML Commands (Basic)"
  "SQL - Clauses and Operators"
  "SQL - Aggregate Functions and Grouping"
  "SQL - Joins"
  "Python-MySQL Connectivity"

Subtopic selection guide:
- global keyword / scope → "Functions - Parameters and Scope"
- math/random/statistics module → "Functions - Built-in Modules"
- def, return, function types → "Functions - Types and Definition"
- try/except/finally/raise → "Exception Handling"
- read()/write()/seek() text file → "File Handling - Text File"
- pickle/dump/load binary → "File Handling - Binary File"
- csv.writer/reader → "File Handling - CSV File"
- push/pop/stack → "Stack - Data Structure"
- GROUP BY/HAVING/COUNT/SUM → "SQL - Aggregate Functions and Grouping"
- ORDER BY/DISTINCT/LIKE/BETWEEN/IN → "SQL - Clauses and Operators"
- CREATE/ALTER/DROP TABLE/DATABASE → "SQL - DDL Commands"
- INSERT/SELECT/UPDATE/DELETE → "SQL - DML Commands (Basic)"
- Cartesian/Equi/Natural join → "SQL - Joins"
- mysql.connector/connect/cursor/execute → "Python-MySQL Connectivity"
- degree/cardinality/primary key/foreign key → "Relational Data Model"
- strings/lists/tuples/dicts/loops/operators → "Revision of Python (Class XI)"

================================================================
RULE 7.5 - SUB_SUBTOPIC (atomic syllabus concepts - read carefully)
================================================================

The "sub_subtopic" field must contain ONE OR MORE atomic concepts from the
allowed list below. If a question touches multiple concepts, list them ALL
separated by commas. This is critical for filtering.

 CORRECT multi-concept examples:
  "loops, string"             (question uses both)
  "table commands, keys"      (SQL question about altering keys)
  "Stack"                     (stack operations question)

 WRONG (compound / vague):
  "list partition methods"    → use "list" instead
  "alter delete"              → use "table commands, delete" instead
  "string stuff"

ALLOWED sub_subtopic values (pick from this list ONLY):

Unit 1 - Revision of Python (Class XI):
  tokens, variables, comments, data types, string, list, tuple, dictionary,
  mutable, immutable, operators, errors, conditional statements, loops,
  type conversion, modules

Unit 1 - Functions, Exception, File & Stack:
  types of functions, arguments and parameters, function returning value,
  flow of execution, parameters and scope, modules,
  exception handling,
  file types and paths, file open modes, with clause, read methods,
  write methods, seek() and tell(), pickle module, binary file operations,
  csv module, Stack

Unit 2 - Computer Networks:
  evolution of networking, data communication, transmission media,
  network devices, network topologies and types, network protocols, web services

Unit 3 - Database Management:
  database concepts, relational model, keys,
  Data Definition Language, data types, constraints, database commands, table commands,
  Data Manipulation Language, insert, select, update, delete,
  operators, aliasing, distinct clause, where clause, in, between, order by,
  null, is null, is not null, like,
  aggregate functions, group by, having clause,
  joins,
  connectivity methods

================================================================
RULE 8 - REQUIRED JSON FIELDS
================================================================
Every object must have ALL these fields:
{
  "text":         string  - full self-contained question text,
  "marks":        string  - "1" / "2" / "3" / "4" / "5",
  "section":      string  - "A" / "B" / "C" / "D" / "E",
  "q_type":       string  - from allowed list in Rule 5,
  "topic":        string  - from allowed list in Rule 7,
  "subtopic":     string  - from allowed list in Rule 7,
  "sub_subtopic": string  - one or more values from Rule 7.5, comma-separated if multiple,
  "difficulty":   string  - "Easy" (1-2M), "Medium" (3-4M), "Hard" (5M),
  "year":         string  - e.g. "2025" or "Unknown"
}

================================================================
COMPLETE EXAMPLE (shows correct format for all field types)
================================================================
[
  {
    "text": "What will be the output of the following Python code?\ni = 5\nprint(i,end='@@')\ndef add():\n    global i\n    i = i+7\n    print(i,end='##')\nadd()\nprint(i)\na) 5@@12##15\nb) 5@@5##12\nc) 5@@12##12\nd) 12@@12##12",
    "marks": "1",
    "section": "A",
    "q_type": "MCQ",
    "topic": "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2",
    "subtopic": "Functions - Parameters and Scope",
    "sub_subtopic": "parameters and scope",
    "difficulty": "Easy",
    "year": "2025"
  },
  {
    "text": "Consider the table STUDENTS as given below:\n| Roll | Name  | Marks |\n|------|-------|-------|\n| 1    | Alice | 85    |\n| 2    | Bob   | 72    |\n| 3    | Carol | 91    |\n\nI. Display names of students scoring above 80.\nII. Display total count of students.",
    "marks": "4",
    "section": "D",
    "q_type": "SQL Query",
    "topic": "Unit 3: Database Management",
    "subtopic": "SQL - DML Commands (Basic)",
    "sub_subtopic": "select, where clause, aggregate functions",
    "difficulty": "Medium",
    "year": "2025"
  },
  {
    "text": "Write a Python function push_element() that pushes product records from list L into a stack if price > 100.\nAlso write pop_element() to pop and display all items, printing \"Stack Empty\" when done.",
    "marks": "3",
    "section": "C",
    "q_type": "Programming",
    "topic": "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2",
    "subtopic": "Stack - Data Structure",
    "sub_subtopic": "Stack",
    "difficulty": "Medium",
    "year": "2025"
  },
  {
    "text": "State True or False:\nThe seek() method in Python moves the file pointer to a given position.",
    "marks": "1",
    "section": "A",
    "q_type": "Short Answer",
    "topic": "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2",
    "subtopic": "File Handling - Text File",
    "sub_subtopic": "seek() and tell()",
    "difficulty": "Easy",
    "year": "2025"
  },
  {
    "text": "Assertion (A): A tuple is immutable in Python so (1,2,3).append(4) will raise an error.\nReason (R): The append() method is only available for list objects.\na) Both A and R are True and R is the correct explanation of A.\nb) Both A and R are True but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.\nc) A is True but R is False.\nd) A is False but R is True.",
    "marks": "1",
    "section": "A",
    "q_type": "Assertion-Reason",
    "topic": "Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming - 2",
    "subtopic": "Revision of Python (Class XI)",
    "sub_subtopic": "tuple, immutable",
    "difficulty": "Easy",
    "year": "2025"
  }
]

Now extract ALL questions from the PDF. Output ONLY the JSON array starting with [ and ending with ].
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💡 Tips for Best Results

Claude (Anthropic) handles PDFs best — just attach the PDF and paste the prompt.
ChatGPT Plus with Code Interpreter also reads PDFs well.
If the AI returns markdown code blocks (```json), remove the backticks before pasting.
Always verify the "topic" field is one of the 3 Units or "General".
Check that Python code indentation is preserved with spaces in the JSON.